Most traumatic brain injuries are caused by traumatic injuries to the head. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), most TBIs are caused by motor vehicle collisions, falls, firearm-related injuries, and assaults.
Falls
Falls are the most common cause of traumatic brain injuries, accounting for about half of them. This includes falls from ladders, beds, downstairs, baths and showers, slip-and-fall accidents, and other types of falls. Older adults and young children are especially vulnerable to fall-related TBIs.
Motor Vehicle Collisions
Motor vehicle accidents are another top cause of TBIs in the U.S. This includes collisions between vehicles, such as cars, motorcycles, and trucks, as well as collisions between motor vehicles and cyclists or pedestrians. Pedestrians and cyclists are especially vulnerable to TBIs, as they lack the same protection as vehicle occupants.
Violence
Victims of assault and gun violence often suffer TBIs. Child abuse and domestic violence victims are vulnerable to TBIs if they suffer blows to the head. Shaken baby syndrome also often leads to traumatic brain injuries in infants. Survivors of gunshot wounds to the head can suffer penetrating TBIs if the bullet cracks the skull and enters the brain.
Sport Injuries
Athletes in a wide range of sports may suffer a TBI if they take a blow to the head while playing. These injuries are common in sports like football, boxing, soccer, hockey, baseball, lacrosse, and skateboarding. Children and teenagers are more likely to suffer sports-related TBIs.